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The History of Pi Essay Example

The History of Pi Essay Example The History of Pi Essay The History of Pi Essay Before I talk about the historical backdrop of Pi I need to clarify what Pi is. Websters Collegiate Dictionary characterizes Pi as 1: the sixteenth letter of the Greek letter set 2 a: the image pi indicating the proportion of the outline of a hover to its distance across b: the proportion itself: a supernatural number having an incentive to eight decimal spots of 3. 14159265 A number can be set into a few classes dependent on its properties. Is it prime or composite? Is it fanciful or genuine? Is it supernatural or mathematical? These inquiries help characterize a numbers conduct in various circumstances. So as to comprehend where Pi fits in to the universe of science, one must comprehend a few of its properties pi is silly and pi is supernatural. A discerning number is one that can be communicated as the part of two whole numbers. Normal numbers changed over into decimal documentation consistently rehash themselves some place in their digits. For instance, 3 is a balanced number as it tends to be composed as 3/1 and in decimal documentation it is communicated with a vast measure of zeros to one side of the decimal point. 1/7 is likewise a normal number. Its decimal documentation is 0. 142857142857†¦, a redundancy of six digits. Be that as it may, the square foundation of 2 can't be composed as the division of two whole numbers and is hence nonsensical. For a long time before the genuine verification, mathematicians had felt that pi was a nonsensical number. The primary endeavor at a proof was by Johaan Heinrich Lambert in 1761. Through a mind boggling technique he demonstrated that if x is reasonable, tan(x) must be silly. It follows that if tan(x) is levelheaded, x must be nonsensical. Since tan(pi/4)=1, pi/4 must be silly; in this way, pi must be nonsensical. Numerous individuals saw Lamberts evidence as too improved a response for such an intricate and seemingly perpetual issue. In 1794, nonetheless, A. M. Legendre found another evidence which sponsored Lambert up. This new confirmation additionally ventured to demonstrate that Pi^2 was likewise nonsensical. In the long history of the number Pi, there have been numerous exciting bends in the road, numerous irregularities that mirror the state of mankind all in all. Through each significant time of world history and in each local territory, the condition of scholarly idea, the condition of science, and consequently the province of Pi, has been directed by the equivalent financial and geographic powers as each other part of human progress. Coming up next is a short history, composed by period and district, of the improvement of our comprehension of the number Pi. A supernatural number is one that can't be communicated as an answer of ax^n+bx^(n-1)+ +cx^0=0 where all coefficients are whole numbers and n is limited. For instance, x=sqrt(2), which is unreasonable, can be communicated as x^2-2=0. This shows the square foundation of 2 is nontranscendental, or logarithmic. It is exceptionally simple to demonstrate that a number isn't supernatural, yet it is amazingly hard to demonstrate that it is supernatural. This accomplishment was at long last achieved for Pi by Ferdinand von Lindemann in 1882. He put together his verification with respect to crafted by two different mathematicians: Charles Hermite and Euler. In 1873, Hermite demonstrated that the consistent e was supernatural. Consolidating this with Eulers renowned condition e^(i*Pi)+1=0, Lindemann demonstrated that since e^x+1=0, x is required to be supernatural. Since it was acknowledged that I was mathematical, Pi must be supernatural so as to make i*Pi supernatural. Since I have clarified what Pi is and a few of its properties, lets take a gander at its history. In antiquated occasions, Pi was found freely by the main human advancements to start horticulture. Their new inactive way of life initially saved time for scientific considering, and the requirement for changeless asylum required the advancement of fundamental designing aptitudes, which in numerous occurrences required an information on the connection between the square and the circle (normally fulfilled by finding a sensible estimation of Pi). In spite of the fact that there are no enduring records of individual mathematicians from this period, students of history today realize the qualities utilized by some antiquated societies. Here is a testing of certain societies and the qualities that they utilized: Babylonians 3 1/8, Egyptians (16/9)^2, Chinese 3, Hebrews 3 (inferred in the Bible, I Kings vii, 23). The principal record of an individual mathematician assuming the issue of Pi (frequently called squaring the circle, and including the quest for an approach to neatly relate either the region or the perimeter of a hover to that of a square) happened in antiquated Greece during the 400s B. C. (this endeavor was made by Anaxagoras). In light of this reality, it isn't astonishing that the Greek culture was the first to genuinely dive into the conceivable outcomes of unique science. The piece of the Greek culture focused in Athens made incredible jumps in the zone of geometry, the main part of science to be completely investigated. Antiphon, an Athenian logician, first expressed the guideline of fatigue (click on Antiphon for more data). Hippias of Elis made a bend called the quadratrix, which really permitted the hypothetical squaring of the circle, however it was not useful. In the late Greek time frame (300s-200s B. C. ), after Alexander the Great had spread Greek culture from the western outskirts of India to the Nile Valley of Egypt, Alexandria, Egypt turned into the scholarly focal point of the world. Among the numerous researchers who worked at the University there, by a long shot the most powerful to the historical backdrop of Pi was Euclid. Through the distributing of Elements, he furnished innumerable future mathematicians with the apparatuses with which to tackle the Pi issue. The other incredible mastermind of this time, Archimedes, concentrated in Alexandria however carried on with his life on the island of Sicily. It was Archimedes who approximated his estimation of Pi to around 22/7, which is as yet a typical worth today. Archimedes was murdered in 212 B. C. in the Roman success of Syracuse. In the years after his passing, the Roman Empire bit by bit dealt with the known world. Regardless of their different accomplishments, the Romans are not known for their scientific accomplishments. The dull period after the fall of Rome was far more atrocious for Pi. Minimal new was found about Pi until well into the decay of the Middle Ages, in excess of a thousand years after Archimedes demise.

Is There a Cure for Panic Disorder

Is There a Cure for Panic Disorder Panic Disorder Treatment Print Treatment Options to Help Manage Panic Disorder By Katharina Star, PhD facebook linkedin Katharina Star, PhD, is an expert on anxiety and panic disorder. Dr. Star is a professional counselor, and she is trained in creative art therapies and mindfulness. Learn about our editorial policy Katharina Star, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on November 20, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD on November 20, 2019 PeopleImages / Getty Images   More in Panic Disorder Treatment Symptoms Diagnosis Coping Related Conditions People with panic disorder frequently want to know if there is any technique or medication that can completely rid them of symptoms. The truth is that panic disorder can never be entirely cured.?? However, it can be effectively managed to the point that it no longer significantly impairs your life. One reason why no one can claim to have a cure is that panic disorder varies greatly from person to person. What works for one panic suffer may not be effective at all for another. Even though there is not a magic bullet to wipe out every case of panic, through treatment, patience, and persistence, you can find what methods help you handle this disorder. Listed below are the most common approaches for coping with panic disorder. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy A mental health professional can assist you in developing ways to change your thinking and behaviors that allow  for lasting relief. There are different types of psychotherapy that have been shown to be helpful in panic disorder. One of these is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), a therapeutic method that includes learning ways to relax, change unhelpful thinking patterns, manage stress, and increase self-confidence in an effort to cope with panic disorder.?? Progressive or gradual exposure is another CBT technique used by therapists to slowly introduce a patient to their fears and panic followed by teaching them to relax while they experience anxiety. For example, if your panic is induced by driving cars on the freeway, your therapist may have you begin by simply imaging cars driving on s freeway. You will then be instructed to keep this image in mind as he or she guides you into noticing your tension. Get Support With the 9 Best Online Therapy Programs This focus on uneasy feelings is followed by guided attention to relaxing the body and mind all while keeping the worrisome image in mind.?? Over a number of sessions, the therapist will progressively increase your exposure to your fear, such as visualizing yourself driving on the freeway, to actually being a passenger in a car on the freeway, to eventually driving the car yourself. While moving step-by-step through these phases, you will continue to learn how to remain calm and manage feelings of panic. Be sure to speak openly and honestly with your therapist or mental health professional, as this will help her/him in understanding your symptoms in order to help you progress. Panic Disorder Discussion Guide Get our printable guide to help you ask the right questions at your next doctors appointment. Download PDF Self-Help There are numerous self-help resources out there that address issues related to anxiety and panic disorder. These guides are intended to provide you with information on ways to manage panic on your own.?? Typical self-help strategies include: Relaxation techniques, such as stretching and deep breathingPositive affirmations and self-talkCreating peaceful and reassuring visualizationsJournaling and other writing exercisesUsing creative art methods to express feelingsProper nutrition and exerciseTransforming one’s negative belief system to more constructive and optimistic viewsLifestyle recommendations, such as getting enough sleep and limiting the use of caffeine Medication Treating panic disorder with medication is often recommended when symptoms persist despite one’s best efforts to control them through therapy and self-help strategies. Medication may also be suggested when panic disorder has become so extreme that it impacts someones functioning. Medical professionals, such as a family physician or psychiatrist, will typically prescribe an antidepressant for panic disorder.?? A class of antidepressants known as Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, or SSRIs, are usually prescribed. These SSRI’s include Prozac  (fluoxetine), Zoloft  (sertraline), Paxil  (paroxetine), and Celexa  (citalopram). They can relieve feelings of anxiety and can reduce any depression symptoms, which often coexists with panic disorder. Naturally, these medications will have some drawbacks. Some common side effects include  sexual dysfunction, gastrointestinal and sleep issues. If you are considering antidepressants, be sure to review the possible side-effects and potential concerns with your doctor. Antidepressants can take up to several weeks to start working and they should not be discontinued abruptly. When you are ready to discontinue use, your doctor will need to slowly take you off of the prescription by steadily decreasing your dosage. Benzodiazepines tranquilizers are another class of drugs that are also used to ease anxiety and alleviate panic.?? Xanax  (alprazolam), Ativan  (lorazepam) and Klonopin  (clonazepam) are frequently prescribed for panic sufferers to provide an immediate reduction in anxiety symptoms. There is some potential for abuse with these medications. Such medications are also recognized to potentially lead to physical dependence if they are taken over a long enough period of time. Overall, there is not one approach that will work for everyone. Give different methods a try to determine what works for you. Even though there is not a cure, you can still experience long-term improvements by finding the right combination of treatment that is effective for you. How Panic Disorder Is Diagnosed

Quantitative Research Proposal Restrain and Aggression - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1770 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? The Safety of Nurses in a Ward Setting when Restraining Aggressive Patients The Research Problem In psychiatry, professionals are also at risk of aggression and violence which involves the risks of being verbal assault and physically assaulted.   These negative conducts of patients may include different forms of violence. Nurses are the professions that are more prone to this aggression because they are an immediate relationship with the patients in a psychiatric ward. The nurses also have a closer relationship with the patients, and therefore cases of violence are inevitable (Draper, 2015) .In this study, violence and aggression have been considered as a range of conduct or behaviour which can result to hurt, injury or harming another individual. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Quantitative Research Proposal Restrain and Aggression" essay for you Create order Violence and aggression include both physical and verbal expression or physical harm which is experienced by one person from another. The definition of these terms also involves a combination of an immoral or inappropriate behaviour, hurt, damage, intentions to dominate other people, anger, behaviour that are protective and even non-verbal gestures. Most of the injuries that are sustained by nurses that serve in the mental health units have turned to a global challenge. There is a worldwide concern for the security of the nurses. The major objective of nurses is to increase the health of patients, the safety of the people that nurse these patients and also the occupational health, which need to be protected and promoted (Baillie, 2015). Most cases of nurses being assaulted by their patient end up in emotional response which includes anxiousness, anger, helplessness, increased irritability and loss of control. Some cases of these form of assault have resulted to physical injuries to the nurses. The physical injuries may take a relatively short period to heal, but the major problem is experienced in the emotional assault which takes long time to heal and which affects the service delivery of the nurse (Botti Endacott, 2008). This study is developed to identify different ways which can be effected to reduce the injuries and assaul t that the nurses experience when restraining aggressive patients. This is with the aim of promoting mental and physical health for the nurses while on duty. The Aims of the Study The main aim of this research proposal is to describe the injuries and patterns that can be sustained by the nurses when restraining patients that are aggressive. The study aims to outline the factors in the process of restraining, which can be modified to increase the safety of nurses in their service delivery while restraining patients. The study also has specific objectives which include: To outline the injuries and patterns which nurses can sustain during the procedure of restraining aggressive patients. To examine the perceptions of nurses which is associated with the injuries that they can sustain while restraining patients. To examine the perception of nurses on the ways that can be implemented to improve their safety in the procedure of restraining patients. To increase the awareness of the nurses concerning the issues of aggression and violence in the psychiatric  ward and To increase the confidence of the nurses in the process of handling aggressive patients in a psychiatric ward. Hypothesis and Review of the Study This study will investigate two hypothesis; Hypothesis 1: The exposure of nurses to aggressive conditions in a psychiatric ward is the main challenge in their service delivery. Hypothesis 2: The exposure of nurses to aggressive patients during the process of restraining is related to the negative attitude of the nurses. Justification of the Study The exposure of nurses in aggressive conditions during the process of restraining patients may have more negative effects to the emotional health of the nurse than their physical health. This is what facilitates this study to investigate the mitigating factors that can be implemented to improve the safety of the nurses in their process of service delivery. Although extensive research has been done in relation to this study, there is scanty information that has been presented concerning the factors that can be implemented to improve the safety of nurses while restraining patients that are aggressive. The study is also expected to extend the knowledge of frontiers to the future researchers which may be interested in carrying their research in this topic. Restrain and Aggression in a Psychiatric Ward The most manual technique in the management of aggression is the restraining the patient. This technique has existed in a mainstream of psychiatry for a bout fifteen years although there is scarse research that has been conducted with regards to the safety and effectiveness of the procedure. There are four components that are used in the use of physical restrain which are the restriction of the movement of limbs through the use of some form of holding the subject (Bloomfield et al., 2010). The immobilization of the subject is also done through the use of body strength and body weight. The subject can be kept in an off-balance by position and the fourth one involves the use of reasonable force. These methods are mostly used in many psychiatric wards to in the control of patients. In order to describe the patterns of the injuries sustained by the in the ward, the restrain process can be categorized into three stages. These stages include the initiation of restrain, where the nurse goes towards the patient being restrained. The second stage involves holding, where the nurse makes efforts to maintain the patient in a state that is immobilized by the use of special hold which is referred to as a lock. The third stage is the exist, where the nurse loosen themselves from the holds of their patients and move away from them. Patterns of Injuries of Nurse During Restrain Injuries for the medical staff, especially the nurses is a common experience in many psychiatric wards. However, the prevalence of these cases varies from one institution to another depending with factors such as the training and experience of the nurses and the available facilities in the wards (Coopey et al., 2006). It is estimated that about sixteen percent of the cases results to the abrasions with either the staff or the patients themselves. In this case, nurses are the ones that are likely to sustain injuries during the process of containment. In the most cases of aggression and injuries, there are common factors which are involved in causing injuries to the nurses. Some of the staff may not be adequately trained to handle cases of aggression and restraining the patients (Botti Endacott, 2008). The cases are as a result of poor techniques of restraining the patients which results to the injuries of the nurses and even patients themselves. Means of Mitigating Injuries Nurse During Restrain Some of the means which can be provided to help mitigate the incidences of injuries to nurses during the process of restrain includes the provision of adequate training to the nurses. They can be provided with seminars on the prevention of violence against and in the management of violence in the process of restraining the patients. The nursing profession can introduce policies to endorse non- tolerance to occupational violence and aggression to all the members. The policy can help in the prevention of injuries to the nurses since it does not allow any form of violence to the professions in this field (Endacott, 2007). Methodology This study will make the use of two methods of data collection. The first phase will involve the analysis of incidents reports where violence has been experienced in the process of restrain. The second phase will involve a questionnaire to collect information on perception of nurses to the process of restrain and aggression. The data and patterns of injuries that nurses have experienced over a specified period of time will be retrieved through the process of incident reports. This information will be retrieved from the hospital reports and data base (Baillie, 2015). The items of data which will be expected to be collected will involve the time of injury, the type of injury, gender of the victim, the cause of the injury, the stage of the restraining process when the incident was reported. In this method of data collection, the reports incidents will be re-identified to ensure the privacy and anonymity of the patients and nurses. Questionnaire A set of a questionnaire will be administered to collect the data concerning the perceptions of nurses with their sustained injuries, ways of improving their safety during the restraining process and the most common types of injuries to the nurses. The questionnaires and consent forms will be distributed to the nurses to fill at their most preferred time. In this method of data collection, the anonymity and privacy of the respondents will also be observed. Setting the sample size The study will be conducted in a psychiatric ward. The two eligible criteria that will be used for participation in this study will be: being a nurse in the psychiatric ward and being eligible to restrain patients that are aggressive. All the nurses who work in this ward will be provided with a detailed plan of the study since they are eligible to participate in the study. The population of the study is relatively small because sampling a larger population would result to sampling errors and also prone to selection bias (Endacott Botti, 2007). The potential respondents are expected to be both male and female of the age between twenty and sixty- five. After the identification of the respondents, a series of meeting will be conducted between them and the researcher to offer them with adequate training. The information and questionnaires will be administered during the meetings. Reliability and Validity of the Study The method of incident reports is recognized globally and a valid and reliable means of data collection. This method has been used for many years in medical research to produce injury surveillance data (Gerrish et al., 2015). The information obtained from this method of data collection includes the injuries to nurses and patients in most medical institutions. A pilot study will be carried out to a group of ten students in the school in ordered to establish the validity and reliability of the questionnaires that will be administered. Data Analysis The data collected will be analyzed by the use of the statistical package Stata. The description statistics will also be used in analysis of the data. The Fishers exact examination will be used to assess the relationship between the variables (Bloomfield et al. 2010). In this study, a significance level of p 0.05 will also be used to ascertain the reliability of the data collected. In the analysis of the questionnaire, a content analysis technique will be used to determine the qualitative response.

Big Heads and Short Tempers Edgar Allan Poe in Context...

Edgar Allan Poe was the epitome of a tormented genius. He possessed uncontrollable and self-inflicted internal problems. In addition, Poe was plagued by external difficulties—some preventable, some not. Most doctors today would pronounce Poe to be bipolar, chronically depressed, and perhaps even OCD. Most people today, and any day, would declare Poe to be self-obsessed and arrogant, or—at the least—snobbish. His personal life would also be considered less than ideal, though how much he was personally responsible for is still unknown (Hutchisson 19). Art, however, often springs from controversy and instability. In fact, Jacqueline Langwith, editor of Perspective on Disease Disorders: Mood Disorders, notes that â€Å"creativity appears to be†¦show more content†¦However, the most revealing aspect of Poes psychology comes not from the themes, but from the function words. Function words include pronouns, articles, and conjunctions. Professor Pennebaker of Texas University at Austin found that â€Å"Depressed people use the word â€Å"I† much more often than emotionally stable people† (Pennebaker). Interestingly, many of Poes best known works were written in first-person, including â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado.† First-person pronouns permeate every paragraph. Every sentence, emotion, and perspective come from the view of the narrator. Fortunato is often referred to as â€Å"my friend† rather than by his name. After Fortunato is confined in the catacombs and begins to shout at Montressor, Poe writes â€Å"I reapproached the wall. I replied to the yells of him who clamored. I re-echoed—I aided—I surpassed them in volume and strength. I did this, and the clamorer grew still.† In less than three lines, Poe uses the word â€Å"I† six times. Instead of simply saying â€Å"I re-echoed, aided, and surpassed them in volume,† he begins every action with the focus on nothing besides himself. However, Poes use frequent use of first-person helps make his stories unique. Poes depression influenced his tone in writing â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado.† Poes prideful nature also played intoâ€Å"The Cask of Amontillado.† Interestingly, his pride played itself out in both helpful and hurtful ways. On the one hand, â€Å"Poe was nothing if not

Firda Kahlo Art Critical Analysing Free Essays

Critical Analysis This is an oil on canvas painting by Friday Kohl called Cropped Hair, made in 1940 at a size of coxcomb. It is a self- portrait of her with a scissor in one hand and her hair creeping everywhere on the floor. As you can see in the painting, the fore ground busy because of the long dark hair that is laid all over the floor. We will write a custom essay sample on Firda Kahlo Art Critical Analysing or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the middle ground of the portrait, it shows Friday Kohl sitting in a chair, wearing an oversized suit, that by the looks of it isn’t hers while holding a serious, upset or pain face. As if she was thinking of the pain that someone had caused her, expressing it thought her minting. The way she is position in the painting is out of proportion, from her neck and below it is different from her neck and upwards, making her looks stiff and uncomfortable. The chair also stands out more than the rest of the portrait along with the hands, face and neck; she had used a bright warm yellow to out-stand the other dark and light, warm and cool colors. The toning of the middle ground is also very clear, showing all the shadows that are in the suits and her face. The background of the portrait is different from the rest. She had painted it plain, as well s making it look like they are clouds, bring all the attention to the foreground. The top of the background shows some text and music notes. The used of Friday Kohl’s Line, Tone, Color, Shape, Pattern and shapes are very unique. She had used manly warm color in her portrait. A cool blue for the suit, a warm red for the floor, a warm yellow for the chair and a mixture of colors for the wall but mostly yellow. The tone’s she used made the chair and herself look AD and the rest AD. The pattern she had used is clearly shown in the wall behind her; it is soft and has a repetition of smudge pots making it looks like clouds. This is very different from the rest of the portrait. The texture of the background, her skin, chair and suit are smooth rather than rough. The way she painted the portrait floor, from light transitioning into dark to make it seems spacey and how she placed the horizontal line far back. This make also made the room more spacious and wide as if she is in an empty room and by herself. The focal point of the portrait is of Friday Kohl sitting on the chair and the hair surrounding her. Your eyes would be more attacked to the hair that is on the floor cause it gives Off creepy but also sad look to it, your eyes then moves to her in the oversized suit then to the plain background. This it because of her use of red in the portrait, your eyes are usually more attacked to warm colors. Friday Kohl painted this portrait after she had a divorce with her husband, for cheating on her with her own blood sister. She wanted to express the self- independence and self- confidence that she had gain after the divorce. Showing him and other’s that she does not need him anymore. I believe that the oversized suit she is wearing in the portrait is Diego. She did this because her husband liked her to wear dresses and now that he is gone, she does not need to dress to impress. The scissor that she is holding in her hand, tells me that she had cut off all her hair. This was like a sacrifice to her. Her hair was the one thing her husband loved most about her, by cutting all her hair off. She is trying to show that she had cut all ties that she had ever had with her husband. If Diego had left her, then why goes she need the one thing her loved most about her. Your hair is like your Identity. No hair, no identity ‘look it was because of your hair, owe you are without hair, I don’t love you anymore’ this is what the text in the portrait says. This was a big sacrifice she was willing to make. The portrait looks very empty with Just her in the middle could maybe explain the feeling she was feeling after the divorce, depress, sad, lonely and empty. In my own opinion I dislike this portrait. It looks creepy and gross, with all the hair loosely laid on the ground and her proportion isn’t correct. This is something I would not want to hang up on a wall. It gives off an unpleasant and uncomfortable feeling, like she is looking at you every second, staring at you with hateful eyes. How to cite Firda Kahlo Art Critical Analysing, Papers

Northanger Abbey

Summary of the â€Å"Northanger Abbey† From the provided excerpt, it is evident that Tilney invited Catherine to spend several weeks with her and she was to stay in Northanger Abbey. Unfortunately, Catherine could hardly sleep due to strange illusions that engulfed the fateful night discussed in the passage.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Northanger Abbey specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Initially, she thought Northanger Abbey to be strange and scary since she had previously read about it in the novel. Evidently, Henry Tilney (Catherin’s friend) laughed at her regarding this issue. Later it became obvious that Northanger Abbey was an enjoyable place and not gothic as thought before. However, there were some strange rooms within the building, in particular Mrs. Tilney’s rooms (Rosow, 2006). It was clear that nobody had ever gained access to those rooms. When Catherine realized that the room b elonged to Tilney’s wife, she started thinking that Tilney must have killed his wife and had kept her in a chamber. This fact explained the atrocities that Catherine faced during that night. There were numerous things that disturbed Catherine, in particular that Tilney was not concerned about the death of his mother. She then became curious about what was in the room and asked Eleanor for some directives. In some instances, Henry Tilney suddenly arrived before Eleanor could explain what had happened to her forcing Catherine to run away for fear of being punished. However later she found her way into the rooms and realized that there was nothing strange or frightening as she had thought before. After that Henry found the girl in the corridor questioning her presence there. Now he came to know about Catherine’s fears and thoughts after which he explained to her that his father had been upset by his mother’s death.Advertising Looking for essay on british liter ature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In addition, he told Catherine that his father had loved his mother very much hence could not kill her (Rosow, 2006). These facts explain the sorrows and illusions exhibited in the provided excerpt. Some of the Central Concerns of the â€Å"Northanger Abbey† The â€Å"Northanger Abbey† has several concerns illustrated in the novel. Evidently, the place appeared very lovely. Besides it was crowded with some nicely dressed young girls. They had enough time to write letters and pay visits to some of the best houses around. Consequently, these ladies found themselves getting married on time. Catherine Moorland (Northanger Abbey teenage star) considered getting married as well as getting closer with her family members. That was the first time Catherine was in unfamiliar environment and far from her relatives. Being there she was trying to link up with new friends and adapt to the real world she had never seen before. That could be considered as an experience which almost everybody has come across. A good example is when one is going to a new college, moving to a new town or country, or just gets a new job. Considered critically on should admit it being a crucial provision. In case one visits Northanger Abbey for the first time, it is always troublesome to make good and trusted friends (Galperin, 2002). It could be considered a major concern according to the novel. In the book, Catherine indulged in opposing rumors, manipulations, and incredible assumptions. For example, the college canteen was troubled by making wrong conclusions about people in general. Catherine’s conclusions were not different from those of the rest.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Northanger Abbey specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More One can see that the literature she read brought about all these. From the novel, it is evident that almost every character is caught up making wrong judgments and assumptions at a given point. The â€Å"Northanger Abbey† majorly dwells on the dangers and consequences of staying in the new strange places, or being raised in the new places, as well as falsely building new friendship relations (Galperin, 2002). The last concern one should point at in the â€Å"Northanger Abbey† is that the matter of relationship has not really changed much despite having been covered. Nature of Austen’s Response to her Literary Context Initially, there were numerous responses on the â€Å"Northanger Abbey†. Robert Hawkins had a feeling that the novel was more political comparing to some other Austen’s works. It is evident when one addresses affairs of state. In addition, when he mentioned ‘General Tinley’ and ‘political gothic’, it was clearly proved that the novel considered political issues. Furthermore, Hawkins said that Tilney created some anxiety between history and poetry by making some comparisons between Beechem Hill and closure of forests (Rosow, 2006). He also argued that this comparison made the reader match the fictions in the novel with the real historical context. He further said that the political context was evident when Tilney referred to the London food riots. Susannah Carson, another author who reviewed this book, argued that Catherine and Henry were not the right characters to be used in Austen’s novels. Having managed to study literary heroine, she asserted that Catherine was hardly interested in studying nature. In comparison between the real life and the novel Jane (Tilney’s character) discovers that the first is, so to say, more Gothic than the second one (Galperin, 2002). Conclusion The content of the â€Å"Northanger Abbey† is easily predictable but entertaining as well. Such contrasts could be met in the other works written by Austen. The author introduce s some characters in various parts of the novel.Advertising Looking for essay on british literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The themes created are clearly demonstrated in various contexts (Galperin, 2002). It is important to understand these provisions with regard to the novel analysis. The studied novel also presents the idea that illusions might take a central place in various contexts. Those who have enjoyed reading the other Austen’s works will definitely like the novel â€Å"Northanger Abbey†. However, this piece of literature has some very important qualities which are not found in the other Austen’s works like â€Å"Sense and Sensibilities† as well as â€Å"Pride and Prejudice†. In particular, the â€Å"Northanger Abbey† reflects a real image of Austen. It shows everything she used to think of being important to her life at a given moment. Like many of Austen’s novels, this one clearly presents the kind of life people used to live in the late 1880’s. After reading this novel, the reader can simply draw conclusions that there is no difference between the novel and the real life. The main character (Catherine), in most cases, was caught up seeing and making wrong conclusions on gothic symbols. The â€Å"Northanger Abbey† describes what Catherine imagined to be more pronounced when at one point she thought that fiction was real. As clearly illustrated in the â€Å"Northanger Abbey†, Austen reveals Catherine’s character as being independent and strong. She managed to sail through and finally got married despite all the misfortunes. After reading the book, the obvious issue is that the plot evolution is well brought up. References Galperin, H. (2002). The Historical Austen. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania press. Rosow, V. (2006). Accessing the classics: great reads for adults, teens and English language learners. Westport, CT: Libraries Unlimited. This essay on Northanger Abbey was written and submitted by user Maxim Casey to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Typical Diet of Sea Otters

The Typical Diet of Sea Otters Sea otters live in the Pacific Ocean and are found in Russia, Alaska, Washington state and California. These furry marine mammals are one of only a few marine animals known  to use tools to obtain their food. A Sea Otters Diet Sea otters eat a wide variety of prey, including marine invertebrates such as echinoderms (sea stars and sea urchins), crustaceans (e.g., crabs), cephalopods (e.g., squid), bivalves  (clams, mussels, abalone), gastropods (snails), and chitons. How Do Sea Otters Eat? Sea otters obtain their food by diving. Using their webbed feet, which are well adapted for swimming, sea otters can dive more than 200 feet and stay underwater for up to 5 minutes. Sea otters can sense prey using their whiskers. They also use their agile front paws to find and grasp their prey. Sea otters are one of the only mammals  that are been known to use tools to obtain and eat their prey. They can use a rock to dislodge mollusks and urchins from the rocks where they are attached. Once at the surface, they often eat by placing the food on their stomachs, and then placing a rock on their stomachs and then smashing the prey on the rock to open it and get at the flesh inside. Prey Preferences Individual otters in an area seem to have different prey preferences.  A study in California found that among an otter population, different otters specialized in diving at different depths to find different prey items. There are deep-diving otters that eat benthic organisms such as urchins, crabs, and abalone, medium-diving otters that forage for clams and worms and others that feed at the surface on organisms such as snails. These dietary preferences may also make certain otters susceptible to disease. For example, sea otters eating snails in Monterey Bay appear more likely to contract Toxoplama gondii, a parasite found in cat feces. Storage Compartments Sea otters have loose skin and baggy pockets underneath their forelimbs. They can store extra food, and rocks used as tools, in these pockets. Impacts on the Ecosystem Sea otters have a high metabolic rate (that is, they use a high amount of energy) that is 2-3 times that of other mammals their size. Sea otters eat about 20-30% of their body weight each day. Otters weigh 35-90 pounds (males weigh more than females). So, a 50-pound otter would need to eat about 10-15 pounds of food per day. The food sea otters eat can impact the entire ecosystem in which they live. Sea otters have been found to play a pivotal role in the habitat and marine life that inhabit a kelp forest. In a kelp forest, sea urchins can graze on the kelp and eat their holdfasts, resulting in deforesting the kelp from an area. But if sea otters are abundant, they eat sea urchins and keep the urchin population in check, which allows kelp to flourish. This, in turn, provides shelter for sea otter pups and a variety of other marine life, including fish. This allows other marine, and even terrestrial animals, to have abundant amounts of prey. Sources: Estes, J.A., Smith, N.S., and J.F. Palmisano. 1978. Sea otter predation and community organization in the Western Aleutian Islands, Alaska. Ecology 59(4):822-833.Johnson, C.K.,  Tinker, M.T., Estes, J.A., Conrad, P.A., Staedler, M., Miller, M.A., Jessup, D.A. and Mazet, J.A.K. 2009. Prey choice and habitat use drive sea otter pathogen exposure in a resource-limited coastal system. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106(7):2242-2247Laustsen, Paul. 2008. Alaskas Sea-Otter Decline Affects Health of Kelp Forests and Diet of Eagles. USGS.Newsome, S.D.,  M.T. Tinker, D.H. Monson, O.T. Oftedal, K. Ralls, M. Staedler, M.L. Fogel, and J.A. Estes.  2009. Using stable isotopes to investigate individual diet specialization in California sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis) Ecology 90: 961-974.Righthand, J. 2011. Otters: The Picky Eaters of the Pacific. Smithsonian Magazine.Sea Otters. Vancouver Aquarium.The Marine Mammal Center. Animal Classification: Sea Otter.

How to Create a Homeschooling Lifestyle

How to Create a Homeschooling Lifestyle Academics are a vital  aspect of homeschooling. However, we homeschooling parents need to avoid the trap of becoming  overly focused on them and on trying to recreate a traditional classroom setting. Doing so can cause us to  lose sight of what a gift it is to have the  freedom  to homeschool our children. Home educating doesn’t mean that we bring school home. Instead, it means that we incorporate learning into our everyday lives until it becomes an extension of our family life. Try these simple tips to put the home  in your schooling. 1. Snuggle up together to read – even if you’re all reading different books. It doesn’t matter if you’re reading books for school or books for fun, if you’re reading aloud or everyone has their own book – snuggle up to read together! A bed or couch is a perfect, year-round snuggle spot. A blanket in the back yard makes a stress-relieving warm weather book nook. Move the blanket near the fireplace or heater for a cozy cold weather spot. 2. Bake together. Baking together provides opportunities for younger kids to practice real-life math applications (such as adding and subtracting fractions), following directions, and basic kitchen chemistry. It allows older students to learn home-making skills in a real-world context. Baking together creates  discussion time for kids of all ages. It also helps your entire family to bond and create memories together. 3. Learn alongside each other. You don’t have to fumble your way through algebra or chemistry. Take the course with your students and learn together. This shows your kids shows them that learning never stops. 4. Discover family hobbies. Discovering activities that you all enjoy doing together builds family relationships .It also  provides additional  learning opportunities. For older kids, family hobbies may even translate to elective credits for high school. 5. Take family field trips. It’s fun to go on field trips with your homeschool group, but don’t forget about family-only field trips. The kids often learn more because they’re not distracted by friends. Family field trips also provide the non-teaching parent a chance to get involved with what the kids are learning. 6. Involve the non- teaching parent in real, practical ways. Let Dad (or Mom) do something besides ask, â€Å"What did you learn in school today?† Let the parent who isnt the primary teacher do science experiments or art class on the weekends or in the evenings. Let him read aloud to the kids in the evenings. Ask him to teach them to change the oil in the car, cook a favorite meal, or set up an Excel spreadsheet. Be aware of practical opportunities for homeschool dads (or moms) to be involved based on their talents and your family’s needs. 7. Allow character training to take place over academics. There comes a time in every homeschooling family’s life when character training needs your focus. It’s a time when you need to put the books aside and give your attention to the issue at hand. The books will still be there tomorrow or next week or next month. 8. Involve your children in your everyday life. Don’t overlook the educational value of everyday activities such as grocery shopping, running errands, or voting. Take your children with you. Don’t feel that school has to be a completely separate part of your day. 9. Don’t consider life events a disruption to school. At some point, most families will face life events such as a death, a birth, moving, or an illness. These are not disruptions to learning. They are opportunities to learn and grow together as a family. 10. Be involved in your community. Look for ways to get involved in your community as a family. Serve in the local soup kitchen. Volunteer at the library. Work in local politics.   Homeschooling families need to understand that learning happens all the time. We need to embrace these moments,  instead of seeing them as a disruption to school.   Dont miss the opportunities that are all around you to put the home in your schooling.

Manufacturer Brief Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Manufacturer Brief - Case Study Example Number of employees: According to the data as at 2013, the company has an approximate of 2,000 employees. The number of employees has been increasing for the last five years an indication that the company is growing. Annual revenue: The Company’s annual revenue is approximated to be $150 million. According to the world’s statistic, the company’s revenue has been increasing with 2 per cent for the last seven years. Recent news release: The Company introduced four digital TLM 103D microphones for vocal applications building. The microphones have a little self-generated noise. They also have a clear sound transmission that is clearly heard at a distance. The Company’s interaction with its clients: The Company has an active interaction with its customers. Through the company’s website, clients can submit their proposals and complaints. More so, the company has created a page in social media like Facebook. The created page enables the company to market itself and also to receive customers’ opinions. It has helped the Company produce microphones that meet the customers’ tastes and

Microeconomics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 4

Microeconomics - Essay Example One of the main characteristics of perfect competition includes sale of homogenous goods where all firms in the market same the same good. The second characteristic of perfect competitive market is perfect information where all sellers and buyers if goods know the price of the good and an increase in price by the seller will result in zero sales. Monopoly is a market structure consisting of one seller and many buyers; hence, the seller has total maker power on price and quantity. The main characteristic of this market is the lack of close substitutes; hence, the users have to purchase from the firm at the price. The second characteristic of monopoly is high barriers of entry that could be as a result of high capital requirement, ownership of production resources by the firm, natural causes, and government offer of single license to the firm ensuring presence of abnormal profits in the long-run in a monopoly market. Oligopoly defines a market structure characterized by few large firms operating in the market hence the decision of a firm affects other firms in the market. A characteristic of an oligopoly is aggressive and defensive advertising to ensure buyers get information on the products and give a firm advantage over the other firms in the market. The other characteristic is price rigidity, since when one firm increase price other firms may not follow suit leading to loss of sales by the firm with an increased prices and augmented sales for the other firms. Monopolistic competition consists of a market structure consisting of firms with a degree of market power owing to the production of non-perfectly substitutable goods, and the aim of the firms is profit maximization. A characteristic of monopolistic competition is free entry of firms ensuring the economic profits in the long-run are reduced to normal profits. The second characteristic is that firms produce differentiated products allowing for a certain degree of market power since the goods cannot be

Plagiarism and the Internet :: Exploratory Essays

Plagiarism and the Internet Plagiarism has always been a problem in schools. However, with the invention of the internet, it has made plagiarism even more of a challenge. Plagiarism.org, â€Å"estimates that nearly 30 percent of all students may be plagiarizing on all their written assignments and that the use of the Internet has made plagiarism much worse.† [1] The act of plagiarism can be defined as, â€Å"To steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one’s own, to use (another’s production) without crediting the source, to commit literary theft, to present as new and original as idea or product derived from an existing source†2. Plagiarism has become such a concern for colleges that almost all the sites on this topic are sponsored by schools. The three main topics with plagiarism are the copy and paste function, â€Å"paper mills† and the ways that can be used to prevent students from doing this. The first major concern with the internet would be the copy and paste function. Wittenberg lists that â€Å"Widespread availability of the internet and increased access to full text databases has made cut and paste plagiarism very easy†.3 While the function is actually very nice to have, people are using it the wrong way. Instead of just using it to copy quotes from websites, than pasting it to their word document and giving it the proper credit, people are passing it off as their own. This is where the problem occurs. The function is actually very beneficial. In fact it has helped with the writing of this paper. I just made sure to give the proper credit necessary. One aspect of this function that leads to plagiarism that many people are not aware of is as follows: â€Å"When students capture images or text from other websites or scan hard copy to include in a website without attribution or permission, the result can be a violation of copyright law†.4 Most people are used to just copy and pasting images when necessary but are not always aware pictures may be copyrighted. We must take extra care when copy and pasting in order to avoid plagiarism. The next problem with the internet and plagiarism that leads to a lack of independent thought would be the availability of paper mills. Plagiarism.org, â€Å"points to the proliferation of â€Å"paper mills†, Internet sites which allow students, sometimes at a nominal fee, to buy ready-made research papers†.

Similarties and Differences Between Romeo and Juliet Movies

Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet Is a play based on love, hate, tragedy and sacrifice. It has been retold many different times in both written and film text and it is effective and timeless throughout the use of many techniques. Baz Luhrmann and Franco Zefirelli are two directors who have made this classic play into film. Both directors have portrayed the major scenes within the play with some similarities and differences. The three major fight scenes being discussed are: the fight scene at the start, the fight scene between Tybalt and Mecrutio and the death scene of Romeo and Juliet.In the first scene, the audience is introduced to the hatred between the two feuding families, and both directors portray this in similar and different ways. One similarity is the camera angles; there are close ups to reveal the palpable emotion on the Capulet’s and the Montague’s faces and bird’s eye views to explore the conflict. A noticeable difference between the versions is the music; Luhrmann uses intense, powerful music to set the mood, however, Zefirelli uses the crowd’s uproar.Another difference is the exposure of Christ; in Luhrmann’s, a huge statue of Christ is shown as a representation of the power of the Church over the lives of the people below. On the contrary, in Zefirelli’s, no religion is revealed. During the fight scene between Tybalt and Mecrutio, Luhrmann and Zefirelli approach it in a very similar but contrasting manner. In Zefirelli’s version, the atmosphere is almost comical as the two battle it out; until Tybalt takes it too far and fatally stabs Mecrutio. In Luhrmann’s, Tybalt seems overcome with rage and fights Mecrutio mercilessly.The similarity in both versions is that when the fight ends there is a close up on Tybalt’s face that reveals his regret towards Mecrutio’s death. During the conflict, Luhrmann cleverly uses a visual metaphor in the background; the brewing of a storm. As the scene gets more intense, the storm becomes more pronounced, until finally it is unleashed as Romeo kills Tybalt. Zefirelli delivers his fight scene more mundanely. In the scene were Romeo and Juliet die, Luhrmann and Zefirelli approach it in two different ways that are both effective in their similarities and differences.Luhrmann portrays Juliet as the centre of attention, dressed symbolically in white, surrounded by a sea of candles. Both versions include a shot of the dead star crossed lovers lying in each other’s arms, finally together. In Luhrmann’s, he builds up the suspense until you almost believe Juliet will wake up in time to stop Romeo taking the poison. Whereas Zefirelli’s leaves no doubt that they will not be together. A crucial final difference in both versions is that Luhrmann never shows the families reuniting.In the play, Capulet and Montague agree to end their feud; in the Zefirelli film, the families converge visually. Zefirelli and Luhrma nn have both made spectacular versions of Romeo and Juliet, both approached it in different but similar ways. Zefirelli’s version is intriguing, but the overall winner is Luhrmann’s. He captivates the audience with an amazing cast, exciting camera angles and enchanting music. Despite the modern outtake of his interpretation of the play, Luhrmann’s film language remains Shakespearian, which gives it that authentic touch.

Fat Free Donut Marketing Plan - 1309 Words

Essay 1: Describe the marketing plan to introduce a new fat-free donut. A good marketing plan for a fat-free donut will usually summarizes the standard who, what, where, when, and how much inquiries of a company marketing and sales actions for the planning year: †¢ Who are our target buyers of the product and where are they best located? The target selling demographic will be ages 18-45 with both genders and all ethnicities accounted for. I targeted this age group with both genders, because this group is usually the most active is spending money and the most concerned with their physical appearance to be healthy all while still devouring a quality, yet tasteful product. My target buyers for this product will vary, but my central target†¦show more content†¦The profits will come by the low, affordable price for them that will make the customers feel they are not losing on too much money in case they make not be fond of the product by buying and trying it out at home. Essay 2: Explain the sales process and the segmentation of customers Sales segmentation is the procedure of creating separate marketing tactics to appeal to consumers with different needs, interests, finances or other traits. It involves identifying segments of your likely customer base that have the greatest probability of buying your products or services. This process allows your business to more proficiently market to individual groups of consumers or clients. This process does not have be complex at all. For most small companies, it could be as a simple as recognizing that you may two to three very specific customer types with different needs between them. Dr. Kee knew with his own pastry business, he told us to ask ourselves some questions such as, â€Å"Who do you want to talk to and sell to?† He gave us a list of variables to narrow that answer down. 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